When it comes to your home's exterior, windows and doors are like the dynamic duo—they keep the good stuff in, the bad stuff out, and set the tone for curb appeal. But they’re also some of the most complex and hardworking parts of the house. So, as a home inspector, checking these elements isn’t just a routine—it’s a crucial part of protecting the home. Plus, a little maintenance now can prevent big headaches (and costly repairs) later.
Let's break down what to look for with doors, especially the exterior ones, and why it’s worth giving them the attention they deserve. We'll talk about windows in another article.
1. Door Types and Materials: The Lineup
Doors come in all shapes, sizes, and materials. We’re talking wood, steel, aluminum, plastic, and even jalousie doors in warmer climates. Here's a quick cheat sheet:
Wood & Plastic Doors: If these aren’t protected from weather, check that they’re rated for exterior use. The sun and rain can make quick work of unprotected wood or plastic.
Jalousie Doors: These louvered doors are common in warm areas. Make sure the louvers close snugly to keep out rain and wind.
Glass-Framed Doors: Fixed or sliding, glass doors often have wood, aluminum, or vinyl-covered wood frames. Check these for any signs of rot, bending, or wear.
2. Checking Hardware and Functionality: The Nuts and Bolts (Literally)
Don’t just glance at the door—give it a full workout! Open it, close it, lock it, unlock it. Why? Hardware issues are sneaky. Something as simple as a worn-out hinge or a loose handle can throw off the door’s operation. Inspect the entire door for:
Locks and Deadbolts: These should work smoothly without forcing.
Handles: Check that they’re secure.
Hinges: Look for any rust or looseness.
Fun fact: In hurricane-prone areas, double doors need deadbolt locks with at least a 1-inch throw length. In a high wind, that extra inch can be the difference between a door that holds and one that flies off!
3. Frame, Sill, and Flashing: Guarding Against the Elements
The frame and sill are where a lot of the weatherproofing magic happens. If they’re damaged or worn, water and drafts can sneak in, bringing in mold and higher energy bills along with them.
Frame and Sill Condition: Check for rot, cracks, or other signs of damage, especially if the door doesn’t have a protective overhang.
Flashing: This is the extra layer at the top of the door that keeps water out. It’s a small feature with a big job—no flashing means water can seep in and cause all sorts of issues.
4. Sliding Doors and Tracks: Smooth Operators Needed
Sliding doors have one of the most thankless jobs in the house. They’re opened and closed constantly, and over time, their tracks get dents, debris, and even breaks. Inspect these tracks carefully:
Track Condition: Check for any dents, bends, or signs of wear.
Straightness: Make sure the track is level; any warping can make sliding the door a hassle.
Cleanliness: Debris in the track will affect the door’s function. If it’s filled with dirt, give it a quick clean-up to see if the door operates better.
Overview: The Importance of Giving Doors Special Consideration
Keeping windows and doors in top shape doesn’t just boost curb appeal—it’s also a crucial factor in energy efficiency, security, and weather resistance. So when inspecting a home, take an extra minute to really check these hardworking parts of the house. A little care here can mean the difference between a smooth operation and a door that doesn’t close when you need it to—like right before a big storm!
In short: doors and windows may seem like just another box to check, but they’re the guardians of comfort, security, and style for any home. Give them the inspection they deserve.
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